Why no one cares about Yemen?

This is the current situation in Yemen, a situation where no one is in full control of the country and where everyone is at war for their own interests.

Dec 3, 2023 - 19:30

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The war has been raging in Yemen for over six years, claiming more than 230,000 lives and displacing millions. The conflict is the largest humanitarian disaster in the world, with over 377 thousand victims and a quarter of all civilian casualties between 2018 and 2020 being children. More than 16 million people are in constant need of food and essential supplies, affecting about 65 percent of the population. Human Rights Watch reports that 400,000 children under the age of five are at risk of dying from malnutrition if aid is not provided. Yemen is one of the oldest inhabited areas in the world, with a diverse landscape and an important trade route. The United Kingdom is paying for the conflict through a proxy war. Nasser's coup in 1962, which resulted in the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic, marked the beginning of the conflict. The war ended in 1970 when the Yemeni royal family was forced to submit and recognize the republic in the north.

After the fall of Aden, Europeans established the People's Democratic Republic of South Yemen, a dictatorship with socialist roots. The pro-Marxist faction in the region contributed to its isolation, and the Cold War exacerbated tensions. Yemen was divided into two parts in Germany, with the south being socialist and the south being Soviet. The north saw dictatorship as dissonance, with the marginalised, the Alakdam, being the most privileged. Yemen is still a hierarchical society with rigid castes, with the most privileged being the Saddam, members of the Islamic religious aristocracy.

The North saw the dictatorship as an unwelcome rapprochement achieved through manipulation of the electoral system, exclusion from government, public office, the army, land redistribution, and the oil industry. An attempted coup by the Marxist military and politicians in 1994 failed, but the tyranny of the North exacerbated the situation. In the early 1990s, a religious group called Ansar Allah was founded in the northwestern region and was accused of extreme corruption and betrayal of Yemen. Ansar Allah's long rule ended in the wake of the Arab Spring when Salah stepped down and handed power to his deputy, Abdrabhi Mansur Hadi.

The Houthis, under the leadership of General Abdullahfiz Al-Sakov, staged a coup in January 2015 in protest of Yemen's economic and social crisis as well as the government's decision to cut subsidies. The Houthis sought the political legitimacy of Saleh, who was no longer president. Hadi was forced to step down and hand over power to the interim president of parliament, who is considered close to Saleh. The Houthis established a parliament in February 2015 and handed over control to a revolutionary committee.

The Houthis declared Aidan the transitional capital, and the Shia leader, Abdul Malikal Huthi, publicly declared his commitment to fighting Islamic terrorists. Saudi Arabia, fearing an impending civil war, isolated Yemen financially and deployed troops to the northern provinces. The Saudis and the Emirates intervened militarily and bombed Sanae and other major cities several times to halt the advance of the Houthis.

The Sunni Arab front and the Shiite bloc, which receives funding from Iran, are at war in Yemen through proxies. It is essentially a battleground between two historical enemies of the Middle East: the alliance that the Houthis forged with Saleh, which lasted until 2017 when Saleh voluntarily agreed to stop the offensive.

The Houthis in Yemen are an important part of the conflict, as they pose a major threat to the region. The Houthis have been involved in numerous attacks on civilians and non-civilians, including the killing of a sniper as he fled the capital. The Houthis were also involved in the creation of Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AKP), which has expanded its activities through cahoots and protests. However, US weapons and drones have significantly weakened their actions, and they have lost control of a portion of Yemen.

The United States and the United Arab Emirates, who joined forces with Israel for the occasion, supported the anti-terrorist operation. The Houthis were placed on the list of international terrorist groups, and Saudi Arabia was placed on the UN's list of states accused of war crimes against children. However, the UN has been criticised for ignoring some difficulties, such as the Netherlands' call for an international investigation by the United Nations into human rights violations and war crimes in Yemen.

Iran's Shiite Front is the main suspect in the Houthi conflict, as it claims political support for the Houthis but denies supplying weapons or drones. The Houthis are not immune to war crimes, as the killing of 22 civilians with Katusa rockets, the recruitment of young soldiers, and the unlawful use of landmines show.

In 2020, the Italian government supplied weapons to the Saudis and Moroccans, and other Western states did the same. The conflict has continued due to increasing tensions between the US and Iran over the nuclear issue.

The conflict between Saudi Arabia and Yemen has been a contentious issue for seven years as the Saudis seek to regain their regional power and restore order. The Emirates have adopted a Chinese-style long-term strategy, delegating the dirty work to the Saudis and opting to win their own battle by laying economic foundations and securing new positions in the areas where the objectives are to be pursued. The internal situation in the two halves of Yemen is anything but calm, with the Houthi-controlled north characterised by a highly centralised authority and the loyal government in the south struggling with the renegade Transitional Council.

Years of misery, hunger, and food shortages have exhausted the population's grievances. The Saudis and Emiratis were pleased that the Hud Presidential Council gave them the authority to launch a new transition phase in early April 2022. This phase would help restore some of the security of the Red Sea traffic and allow for the possibility of new foreign fighters who could use the fight to create new terrorist cells.

The cooled relations between the Gulf states due to the Ukraine and Syria wars have also contributed to the conflict. The United Nations has called for an average of just 15 cents a day for every resident for emergency aid in 2022, and more than half of Yemenis rely solely on humanitarian aid. If the crisis is not ended, Yemen will become the poorest country in the world, even worse than Afghanistan, despite its vast oil reserves and strategic location for economic traffic.

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